Change to the Directory of the Script

In general, there are two types of Bash scripts:

1. System tools which operate from the current working directory
2. Project tools which modify files relative to their own place in the files system

For the second type of scripts, it is useful to change to the directory where the script is stored. This can be done with the following command:

cd "$(dirname "$(readlink -f "$0")")"

This command runs 3 commands:

1. readlink -f "$0" determines the path to the current script ($0)
2. dirname converts the path to script to the path to its directory
3. cd changes the current work directory to the directory it receives from dirname