std::setw

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int val = 10;
// val will be printed to the extreme left end of the  output console:
std::cout << val << std::endl;
 // val will be printed in an output field of length 10 starting from right end of the field:
std::cout << std::setw(10) << val << std::endl;

This outputs:

10
        10
1234567890

(where the last line is there to aid in seeing the character offsets).

Sometimes we need to set the width of the output field, usually when we need to get the output in some structured and proper layout. That can be done using std::setw of std::iomanip.

The syntax for std::setw is:

std::setw(int n)

where n is the length of the output field to be set

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