SUBSTRING

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SUBSTRING (or equivalent: SUBSTR) returns the substring starting from the specified position and, optionally, with the specified length

Syntax: SUBSTRING(str, start_position)

SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', 4); -- 'barbaz'
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz' FROM 4); -- 'barbaz'

-- using negative indexing
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', -6); -- 'barbaz'
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz' FROM -6); -- 'barbaz'

Syntax: SUBSTRING(str, start_position, length)

SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', 4, 3); -- 'bar'
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', FROM 4 FOR 3); -- 'bar'

-- using negative indexing
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', -6, 3); -- 'bar'
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz' FROM -6 FOR 3); -- 'bar'

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